CWE-184

Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are not allowed by policy or otherwise require other action to neutralize before additional processing takes place, but the list is incomplete.

CVE-2024-30103 (GCVE-0-2024-30103)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-06-11 17:00
Modified
2025-07-16 00:42
CWE
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Summary
Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2019 Version: 19.0.0   < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
Create a notification for this product.
   Microsoft Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise Version: 16.0.1   < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
Create a notification for this product.
   Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 Version: 16.0.1   < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases
Create a notification for this product.
   Microsoft Microsoft Outlook 2016 Version: 16.0.0.0   < 16.0.5452.1000
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website


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CVE-2024-5217 (GCVE-0-2024-5217)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-07-10 16:28
Modified
2025-07-30 01:36
CWE
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Summary
ServiceNow has addressed an input validation vulnerability that was identified in the Washington DC, Vancouver, and earlier Now Platform releases. This vulnerability could enable an unauthenticated user to remotely execute code within the context of the Now Platform. The vulnerability is addressed in the listed patches and hot fixes below, which were released during the June 2024 patching cycle. If you have not done so already, we recommend applying security patches relevant to your instance as soon as possible.
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ServiceNow Now Platform Version: 0   < Utah Patch 10 Hot Fix 3
Version: 0   < Utah Patch 10a Hot Fix 2
Version: 0   < Utah Patch 10b Hot Fix 1
Version: 0   < Vancouver Patch 6 Hot Fix 2
Version: 0   < Vancouver Patch 7 Hot Fix 3b
Version: 0   < Vancouver Patch 8 Hot Fix 4
Version: 0   < Vancouver Patch 9 Hot Fix 1
Version: 0   < Vancouver Patch 10
Version: 0   < Washington DC Patch 1 Hot Fix 3b
Version: 0   < Washington DC Patch 2 Hot Fix 2
Version: 0   < Washington DC Patch 3 Hot Fix 2
Version: 0   < Washington DC Patch 4
Version: 0   < Washington DC Patch 5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website


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CVE-2025-48732 (GCVE-0-2025-48732)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-07-24 15:10
Modified
2025-07-24 15:31
CWE
Summary
An incomplete blacklist exists in the .htaccess sample of WWBN AVideo 14.4 and dev master commit 8a8954ff. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a arbitrary code execution. An attacker can request a .phar file to trigger this vulnerability.
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
WWBN AVideo Version: 14.4
Version: dev master commit 8a8954ff
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website


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CVE-2025-58353 (GCVE-0-2025-58353)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-09-04 19:39
Modified
2025-09-04 20:13
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Summary
Promptcraft Forge Studio is a toolkit for evaluating, optimizing, and maintaining LLM-powered applications. All versions of Promptcraft Forge Studio sanitize user input using regex blacklists such as r`eplace(/javascript:/gi, '')`. Because the package uses multi-character tokens and each replacement is applied only once, removing one occurrence can create a new dangerous token due to overlap. The “sanitized” value may still contain an executable payload when used in href/src (or injected into the DOM). There is currently no fix for this issue.
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website


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CVE-2025-58361 (GCVE-0-2025-58361)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-09-04 19:43
Modified
2025-09-04 20:07
Severity ?
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Summary
Promptcraft Forge Studio is a toolkit for evaluating, optimizing, and maintaining LLM-powered applications. All versions contain an non-exhaustive URL scheme check that does not protect against XSS. User-controlled URLs pass through src/utils/validation.ts, but the check only strips `javascript:` and a few patterns. `data:` URLs (for example data:image/svg+xml,…) still pass. If a sanitized value is used in href/src, an attacker can execute a script. There is currently no fix for this issue.
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website


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Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Do not rely exclusively on detecting disallowed inputs. There are too many variants to encode a character, especially when different environments are used, so there is a high likelihood of missing some variants. Only use detection of disallowed inputs as a mechanism for detecting suspicious activity. Ensure that you are using other protection mechanisms that only identify "good" input - such as lists of allowed inputs - and ensure that you are properly encoding your outputs.
CAPEC-120: Double Encoding

The adversary utilizes a repeating of the encoding process for a set of characters (that is, character encoding a character encoding of a character) to obfuscate the payload of a particular request. This may allow the adversary to bypass filters that attempt to detect illegal characters or strings, such as those that might be used in traversal or injection attacks. Filters may be able to catch illegal encoded strings, but may not catch doubly encoded strings. For example, a dot (.), often used in path traversal attacks and therefore often blocked by filters, could be URL encoded as %2E. However, many filters recognize this encoding and would still block the request. In a double encoding, the % in the above URL encoding would be encoded again as %25, resulting in %252E which some filters might not catch, but which could still be interpreted as a dot (.) by interpreters on the target.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-182: Flash Injection

An attacker tricks a victim to execute malicious flash content that executes commands or makes flash calls specified by the attacker. One example of this attack is cross-site flashing, an attacker controlled parameter to a reference call loads from content specified by the attacker.

CAPEC-3: Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters

Some APIs will strip certain leading characters from a string of parameters. An adversary can intentionally introduce leading "ghost" characters (extra characters that don't affect the validity of the request at the API layer) that enable the input to pass the filters and therefore process the adversary's input. This occurs when the targeted API will accept input data in several syntactic forms and interpret it in the equivalent semantic way, while the filter does not take into account the full spectrum of the syntactic forms acceptable to the targeted API.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-6: Argument Injection

An attacker changes the behavior or state of a targeted application through injecting data or command syntax through the targets use of non-validated and non-filtered arguments of exposed services or methods.

CAPEC-71: Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic

An attacker may provide a Unicode string to a system component that is not Unicode aware and use that to circumvent the filter or cause the classifying mechanism to fail to properly understanding the request. That may allow the attacker to slip malicious data past the content filter and/or possibly cause the application to route the request incorrectly.

CAPEC-73: User-Controlled Filename

An attack of this type involves an adversary inserting malicious characters (such as a XSS redirection) into a filename, directly or indirectly that is then used by the target software to generate HTML text or other potentially executable content. Many websites rely on user-generated content and dynamically build resources like files, filenames, and URL links directly from user supplied data. In this attack pattern, the attacker uploads code that can execute in the client browser and/or redirect the client browser to a site that the attacker owns. All XSS attack payload variants can be used to pass and exploit these vulnerabilities.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.

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