CWE-841

Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow

The product supports a session in which more than one behavior must be performed by an actor, but it does not properly ensure that the actor performs the behaviors in the required sequence.

CVE-2026-43974 (GCVE-0-2026-43974)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 14:12 – Updated: 2026-06-08 16:34
VLAI
Title
gun HTTP/1.1 client accepts unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response allowing server-driven protocol hijack and OOM
Summary
Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (gun_http module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response. In gun_http:handle_inform/8, when a 101 Switching Protocols response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the Upgrade header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain reference(). It does not check whether the client ever sent an Upgrade or Connection: upgrade header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a gun_upgrade message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode. A malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, gun_raw applies no flow control (flow=infinity) and re-arms socket active mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded gun_data messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM. This issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-841 - Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow
Assigner
EEF
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ninenines gun Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.4.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
ninenines gun Affected: a3c2edbb8c807717e2f10520c6cf1e77a62eab2e , < 5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Peter Ullrich Loïc Hoguin
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-45023 (GCVE-0-2026-45023)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-28 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-29 13:36
VLAI
Title
AutoGP: Credit system bypassed via direct block execution in POST /api/blocks/{block_id}/execute
Summary
AutoGPT is a workflow automation platform for creating, deploying, and managing continuous artificial intelligence agents. Prior to 0.6.59, POST /api/blocks/{block_id}/execute endpoint executes blocks without consuming any credits, regardless of the user's balance. The credit check that exists in the graph execution path (manager.py) is never reached when blocks are called directly via the external API, allowing unlimited free execution of all blocks. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.6.59.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
  • CWE-841 - Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-46540 (GCVE-0-2026-46540)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 23:45 – Updated: 2026-06-10 13:00
VLAI
Title
Nimiq light-blockchain: Light blockchain rebranch issue
Summary
Nimiq is a Rust implementation of the Nimiq Proof-of-Stake protocol based on the Albatross consensus algorithm. Prior to version 1.4.0, when LightBlockchain::rebranch() adopts a fork chain whose tip is a macro block (checkpoint or election), it only updates self.head but fails to update self.macro_head, self.election_head, self.current_validators, or store the election header in the chain_store. This is in direct contrast with the full Blockchain::rebranch() at blockchain/src/blockchain/push.rs:504-518, which correctly updates all macro/election state when the new head is a macro block. After a rebranch to a macro block, the stale macro_head causes subsequent macro blocks pushed via push() to be verified against the wrong predecessor via verify_macro_successor(&this.macro_head). If the rebranch target was an election block, the stale current_validators causes every subsequent block to fail verify_validators(), completely stalling the light client's chain progression. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-841 - Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nimiq core-rs-albatross Affected: < 1.4.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-8477 (GCVE-0-2026-8477)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-22 15:27 – Updated: 2026-05-22 16:51
VLAI
Summary
Improper enforcement of the sealed-entry workflow in the entry sensitive-data retrieval feature in Devolutions Server allows an authenticated user with access to a sealed entry to retrieve its sensitive data without triggering the unseal audit notification via a crafted API request. This issue affects : * Devolutions Server 2026.1.6.0 through 2026.1.16.0 * Devolutions Server 2025.3.20.0 and earlier
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-841 - Improper enforcement of behavioral workflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Devolutions Server Affected: 2026.1.6.0 , ≤ 2026.1.16.0 (custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 2025.3.20.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 2.7,
              "baseSeverity": "LOW",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "LOW",
              "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
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              "content": {
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                "options": [
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                    "Exploitation": "none"
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                  {
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Server",
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              "value": "Improper enforcement of the sealed-entry workflow in the entry sensitive-data retrieval feature in Devolutions Server allows an authenticated user with access to a sealed entry to retrieve its sensitive data without triggering the unseal audit notification via a crafted API request.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects :\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eDevolutions Server 2026.1.6.0 through 2026.1.16.0\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eDevolutions Server 2025.3.20.0 and earlier\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e"
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        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
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              "description": "CWE-841 Improper enforcement of behavioral workflow",
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        }
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        "orgId": "bfee16bd-18e6-446c-9a65-f5b2e3d89c23",
        "shortName": "DEVOLUTIONS"
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      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-2026-0013/"
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      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
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    "assignerShortName": "DEVOLUTIONS",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8477",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-22T15:27:34.768Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-13T13:25:05.015Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-22T16:51:48.017Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}







No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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