CWE-602
Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.
CVE-2025-14687 (GCVE-0-2025-14687)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-26 13:21 – Updated: 2025-12-26 14:37
VLAI
Title
Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security in IBM Db2 Intelligence Center
Summary
IBM Db2 Intelligence Center 1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions due to client-side enforcement of sever side security mechanisms.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7255160 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Db2 Intelligence Center |
Affected:
1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2
|
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CVE-2025-1838 (GCVE-0-2025-1838)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-03 18:23 – Updated: 2025-08-28 14:28
VLAI
Title
IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation denial of service
Summary
IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation
24.0.0 and 24.0.1 through 24.0.1 IF001
Authoring allows an authenticated user to bypass client-side data validation in an authoring user interface which could cause a denial of service.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7232429 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Cloud Pak for Business Automation |
Affected:
24.0.1 , ≤ 24.0.1 IF001
(semver)
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CVE-2025-20113 (GCVE-0-2025-20113)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-21 16:19 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
Title
Cisco Unified Intelligence Center Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco Unified Intelligence Center could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to elevate privileges to Administrator for a limited set of functions on an affected system.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient server-side validation of user-supplied parameters in API or HTTP requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted API or HTTP request to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access, modify, or delete data beyond the sphere of their intended access level, including obtaining potentially sensitive information stored in the system.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Contact Center Express |
Affected:
10.6(1)
Affected: 10.5(1)SU1 Affected: 10.6(1)SU3 Affected: 12.0(1) Affected: 10.0(1)SU1 Affected: 10.6(1)SU1 Affected: 11.0(1)SU1 Affected: 11.5(1)SU1 Affected: 10.5(1) Affected: 11.6(1) Affected: 11.6(2) Affected: 12.5(1) Affected: 12.5(1)SU1 Affected: 12.5(1)SU2 Affected: 12.5(1)SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU03_ES01 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU03_ES02 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU02_ES03 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU02_ES04 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU02_ES02 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU01_ES02 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU01_ES03 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU02_ES01 Affected: 11.6(2)ES07 Affected: 11.6(2)ES08 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU01_ES01 Affected: 12.0(1)ES04 Affected: 12.5(1)ES02 Affected: 12.5(1)ES03 Affected: 11.6(2)ES06 Affected: 12.5(1)ES01 Affected: 12.0(1)ES03 Affected: 12.0(1)ES01 Affected: 11.6(2)ES05 Affected: 12.0(1)ES02 Affected: 11.6(2)ES04 Affected: 11.6(2)ES03 Affected: 11.6(2)ES02 Affected: 11.6(2)ES01 Affected: 10.6(1)SU3ES03 Affected: 11.0(1)SU1ES03 Affected: 10.6(1)SU3ES01 Affected: 10.5(1)SU1ES10 Affected: 10.0(1)SU1ES04 Affected: 11.5(1)SU1ES03 Affected: 11.6(1)ES02 Affected: 11.5(1)ES01 Affected: 9.0(2)SU3ES04 Affected: 10.6(1)SU2 Affected: 10.6(1)SU2ES04 Affected: 11.6(1)ES01 Affected: 10.6(1)SU3ES02 Affected: 11.5(1)SU1ES02 Affected: 11.5(1)SU1ES01 Affected: 8.5(1) Affected: 11.0(1)SU1ES02 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU03_ES03 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU03_ES04 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU03_ES05 Affected: 12.5(1)_SU03_ES06 |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Intelligence Center |
Affected:
11.6(1)
Affected: 10.5(1) Affected: 11.0(1) Affected: 11.5(1) Affected: 12.0(1) Affected: 12.5(1) Affected: 11.0(2) Affected: 12.6(1) Affected: 12.5(1)SU Affected: 12.6(1)_ET Affected: 12.6(1)_ES05_ET Affected: 11.0(3) Affected: 12.6(2) Affected: 12.6(2)_504_Issue_ET Affected: 12.6.1_ExcelIssue_ET Affected: 12.6(2)_Permalink_ET Affected: 12.6.2_CSCwk19536_ET Affected: 12.6.2_CSCwm96922_ET Affected: 12.5(2)ET_CSCwi79933 Affected: 12.6.2_CSCwn48501_ET |
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CVE-2025-2138 (GCVE-0-2025-2138)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-12 13:37 – Updated: 2025-10-14 15:10
VLAI
Title
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next data modification
Summary
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next 7.0.2, 7.0.3, and 7.1
could allow an authenticated user on the network to delete comments from other users due to client-side enforcement of server-side security.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7247716 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next |
Affected:
7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.3 Affected: 7.1 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-2139 (GCVE-0-2025-2139)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-12 13:35 – Updated: 2025-10-14 14:48
VLAI
Title
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next security bypass
Summary
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next 7.0.2, 7.0.3, and 7.1 could allow an authenticated user on the network to delete reviews from other users due to client-side enforcement of server-side security.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7247716 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
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| IBM | Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next |
Affected:
7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.3 Affected: 7.1 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-27367 (GCVE-0-2025-27367)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 18:42 – Updated: 2025-08-24 11:23
VLAI
Title
IBM OpenPages with Watson improper input validation
Summary
IBM OpenPages with Watson 8.3 and 9.0
is vulnerable to improper input validation due to bypassing of client-side validation for the data types and requiredness of fields for GRC Objects when an authenticated user sends a specially crafted payload to the server allowing for data to be saved without storing the required fields.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7239155 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | OpenPages with Watson |
Affected:
8.3
Affected: 9.0 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openpages_with_watson:8.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openpages_with_watson:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-28168 (GCVE-0-2025-28168)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-05 00:00 – Updated: 2025-08-26 19:27
VLAI
Summary
The Multiple File Upload add-on component 3.1.0 for OutSystems is vulnerable to Unrestricted File Upload. This occurs because file extension and size validations are enforced solely on the client side. An attacker can intercept the upload request and modify a parameter to bypass extension restrictions and upload arbitrary files. NOTE: this is a third-party component that is not supplied or supported by OutSystems.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Multi Uploaders | Multiple File Upload |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-32359 (GCVE-0-2025-32359)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-05 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-07 16:12
VLAI
Summary
In Zammad 6.4.x before 6.4.2, there is client-side enforcement of server-side security. When changing their two factor authentication configuration, users need to re-authenticate with their current password first. However, this change was enforced in Zammad only on the front end level, and not when using the API directly.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-32469 (GCVE-0-2025-32469)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 09:38 – Updated: 2025-05-13 14:02
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 (All versions < V2.16.5). The 'ping' tool in the web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to command injection due to missing server side input sanitation. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 |
Affected:
0 , < V2.16.5
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-32808 (GCVE-0-2025-32808)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-11 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-11 16:03 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Summary
W. W. Norton InQuizitive through 2025-04-08 allows students to insert arbitrary records of their quiz performance into the backend, because only client-side access control exists.
Severity
7.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| W. W. Norton | InQuizitive |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2025-04-08
(custom)
|
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If some degree of trust is required between the two entities, then use integrity checking and strong authentication to ensure that the inputs are coming from a trusted source. Design the product so that this trust is managed in a centralized fashion, especially if there are complex or numerous communication channels, in order to reduce the risks that the implementer will mistakenly omit a check in a single code path.
CAPEC-162: Manipulating Hidden Fields
An adversary exploits a weakness in the server's trust of client-side processing by modifying data on the client-side, such as price information, and then submitting this data to the server, which processes the modified data. For example, eShoplifting is a data manipulation attack against an on-line merchant during a purchasing transaction. The manipulation of price, discount or quantity fields in the transaction message allows the adversary to acquire items at a lower cost than the merchant intended. The adversary performs a normal purchasing transaction but edits hidden fields within the HTML form response that store price or other information to give themselves a better deal. The merchant then uses the modified pricing information in calculating the cost of the selected items.
CAPEC-202: Create Malicious Client
An adversary creates a client application to interface with a target service where the client violates assumptions the service makes about clients. Services that have designated client applications (as opposed to services that use general client applications, such as IMAP or POP mail servers which can interact with any IMAP or POP client) may assume that the client will follow specific procedures.
CAPEC-207: Removing Important Client Functionality
An adversary removes or disables functionality on the client that the server assumes to be present and trustworthy.
CAPEC-208: Removing/short-circuiting 'Purse' logic: removing/mutating 'cash' decrements
An attacker removes or modifies the logic on a client associated with monetary calculations resulting in incorrect information being sent to the server. A server may rely on a client to correctly compute monetary information. For example, a server might supply a price for an item and then rely on the client to correctly compute the total cost of a purchase given the number of items the user is buying. If the attacker can remove or modify the logic that controls these calculations, they can return incorrect values to the server. The attacker can use this to make purchases for a fraction of the legitimate cost or otherwise avoid correct billing for activities.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.