CWE-307

Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.

CVE-2026-40485 (GCVE-0-2026-40485)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 23:29 – Updated: 2026-04-20 13:36

Title

ChurchCRM: Username Enumeration via Differential Response in Public Login API

Summary

ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. In versions prior to 7.2.0, the public API login endpoint (/api/public/user/login) returns distinguishable HTTP response codes based on whether a username exists: 404 for non-existent users and 401 for valid users with incorrect passwords. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this difference to enumerate valid usernames, with no rate limiting or account lockout to impede the process. This issue has been fixed in version 7.2.0.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
CWE-204 - Observable Response Discrepancy

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ChurchCRM/CRM/security/advisor…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/ChurchCRM/CRM/pull/8607	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ChurchCRM/CRM/commit/214694eb8…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ChurchCRM	CRM	Affected: < 7.2.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-40586 (GCVE-0-2026-40586)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 17:10 – Updated: 2026-04-21 19:04

Title

blueprintUE: Login Endpoint Has No Rate Limiting, Lockout, or Brute-Force Protection

Summary

blueprintUE is a tool to help Unreal Engine developers. Prior to 4.2.0, the login form handler performs no throttling of any kind. Failed authentication attempts are processed at full network speed with no IP-based rate limiting, no per-account attempt counter, no temporary lockout, no progressive delay (Tarpit), and no CAPTCHA challenge. An attacker can submit an unlimited number of credential guesses. The password policy (10+ characters, mixed case, digit, special character) reduces the effective keyspace but does not prevent dictionary attacks, credential stuffing from breached databases, or targeted attacks against known users with predictable passwords. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.0.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/blueprintue/blueprintue-self-h…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
blueprintue	blueprintue-self-hosted-edition	Affected: < 4.2.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-41037 (GCVE-0-2026-41037)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 10:04 – Updated: 2026-04-21 13:19

Title

Missing Rate Limiting Vulnerability in Quantum Networks Router QN-I-470

Summary

This vulnerability exists in Quantum Networks router due to missing rate limiting and CAPTCHA protection for failed login attempts in the web-based management interface. An attacker on the same network could exploit this vulnerability by performing brute force attacks against administrative credentials, leading to unauthorized access with root privileges on the targeted device.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts

Assigner

CERT-In

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Quantum Networks	Router QN-I-470	Affected: at 6.1.1.B1 (custom)

Credits

This vulnerability is reported by Rakesh Elamaran, Stalin S, Janish Andrin J, Kali Vignesh SM, Arkino Robilin R and Kalpana B N.

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-41213 (GCVE-0-2026-41213)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-23 18:33 – Updated: 2026-04-25 01:23

Title

@node-oauth/oauth2-server: PKCE code_verifier ABNF not enforced in token exchange allows brute-force redemption of intercepted authorization codes

Summary

@node-oauth/oauth2-server is a module for implementing an OAuth2 server in Node.js. The token exchange path accepts RFC7636-invalid code_verifier values (including one-character strings) for S256 PKCE flows. Because short/weak verifiers are accepted and failed verifier attempts do not consume the authorization code, an attacker who intercepts an authorization code can brute-force code_verifier guesses online until token issuance succeeds.

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
CWE-1289 - Improper Validation of Unsafe Equivalence in Input

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/node-oauth/node-oauth2-server/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
node-oauth	node-oauth2-server	Affected: < 5.3.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-41893 (GCVE-0-2026-41893)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-09 19:12 – Updated: 2026-05-14 17:50

Title

Signal K Server's WebSocket Login Endpoint Lacks Rate Limiting (Credential Brute-Force)

Summary

Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat. Prior to version 2.25.0, the HTTP login endpoints (POST /login and POST /signalk/v1/auth/login) are protected by express-rate-limit (default: 100 attempts per 10-minute window, configurable via HTTP_RATE_LIMITS). The WebSocket login path — sending {login: {username, password}} messages over an established WebSocket connection — calls app.securityStrategy.login() directly without any rate limiting. An attacker can bypass HTTP rate limiting entirely by opening a WebSocket connection and attempting unlimited password guesses at the speed bcrypt allows (~20 attempts/sec with 10 salt rounds). This issue has been patched in version 2.25.0.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/securit…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/pull/2568	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/commit/…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/release…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
SignalK	signalk-server	Affected: < 2.25.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-43914 (GCVE-0-2026-43914)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 22:03 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:51

Title

Vaultwarden: Brute-force protection bypass vulnerability

Summary

Vaultwarden is a Bitwarden-compatible server written in Rust. Prior to 1.35.4, there is a security vulnerability in Vaultwarden that allows bypassing the login brute-force protection if email 2fa is enabled. If email 2fa is enabled, the unprotected 2fa-function send_email_login (email.rs, api endpoint /api/two-factor/send-email-login) also acts as an oracle determining whether a username-password combination is correct. An attacker can abuse that endpoint to brute-force passwords without rate-limiting. This works even for users who don't have email 2fa configured. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.35.4.

Severity

7.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden/securi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden/pull/6867	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden/releas…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
dani-garcia	vaultwarden	Affected: < 1.35.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-43926 (GCVE-0-2026-43926)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 12:46 – Updated: 2026-06-04 14:37

Title

FOSSBilling's password reset confirmation endpoint lacks rate limiting

Summary

FOSSBilling is a free, open-source billing and client management system. Prior to version 0.8.0, the password reset confirmation endpoint `/client/reset-password-confirm/:hash` is handled by a non-API controller and is not covered by FOSSBilling's rate limiter, which only applies to `/api/*` routes. This allows an attacker to probe the endpoint for valid reset tokens without any per-IP request limiting, attempt counting, or lockout mechanism. The endpoint acts as an oracle, returning a distinguishable response for valid versus invalid tokens (HTTP 200 vs HTTP 302 redirect). An attacker can submit unlimited token guesses to the password reset confirmation endpoint with no throttling applied. However, practical exploitability is significantly mitigated by the current token generation, which uses `hash('sha256', random_bytes(32))`, providing 256 bits of entropy. Tokens also expire after 15 minutes and are deleted after successful use. The same architectural gap applies to other controller-served auth routes, including `/staff/email/:hash` (admin password reset confirmation) and `/client/confirm-email/:hash` (email confirmation). Version 0.8.0 fixes the issue. Some workarounds are available. Configure a reverse proxy (e.g., Nginx, Apache, Cloudflare) to apply per-IP rate limiting to the `/client/reset-password-confirm/*` and `/staff/email/*` paths and/or use a WAF rule to limit request rates to these endpoints.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-204 - Observable Response Discrepancy
CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/FOSSBilling/FOSSBilling/securi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/FOSSBilling/FOSSBilling/releas…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
FOSSBilling	FOSSBilling	Affected: < 0.8.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-44195 (GCVE-0-2026-44195)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 21:52 – Updated: 2026-05-14 13:46

Title

OPNsense: Authentication lockout bypass

Summary

OPNsense is a FreeBSD based firewall and routing platform. Prior to 26.1.7, a logic flaw in the OPNsense lockout_handler allows an unauthenticated attacker to continuously reset the authentication failure counter for their IP address. By interjecting a crafted username containing a success keyword ("Accepted" or "Successful login") between normal brute-force attempts, an attacker can prevent the failure counter from ever reaching the lockout threshold. This vulnerability is fixed in 26.1.7.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/opnsense/core/security/advisor…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://gist.github.com/sopex/b9786e72e2a5d9b1bbd…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
opnsense	core	Affected: < 26.1.7

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45010 (GCVE-0-2026-45010)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-15 18:36 – Updated: 2026-05-28 14:15

Title

phpMyFAQ - Unauthenticated Two-Factor Authentication Brute-Force via /admin/check Endpoint

Summary

phpMyFAQ before 4.1.2 contains an improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts vulnerability in the /admin/check endpoint, which accepts arbitrary user-id parameters without session binding or rate limiting. Unauthenticated attackers can brute-force any user's six-digit TOTP code by submitting POST requests with sequential token values, bypassing two-factor authentication to gain full administrative access.

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

VulnCheck

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/thorsten/phpMyFAQ/security/adv…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/phpmyfaq-una…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
thorsten	phpmyfaq	Affected: 0 , < 4.1.2 (semver) Unaffected: 4.1.2 (semver)

Date Public

2026-04-28 00:00

Credits

adrgs aisafe-bot

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45364 (GCVE-0-2026-45364)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-28 21:34 – Updated: 2026-05-29 19:05

Title

Better Auth: Rate limiter keys IPv6 addresses individually and is bypassable via prefix rotation

Summary

Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.4.17 and 1.5.0-beta.9, Better Auth's HTTP rate limiter keyed each request by the exact textual IP address it received in x-forwarded-for (or the configured IP-bearing header). IPv6 clients controlling a typical /64 allocation could rotate through 2^64 distinct source addresses without exhausting the per-address counter, defeating rate limiting on /sign-in/email, /sign-up/email, /forget-password, and every other path the limiter protects. The same bug allowed a single client to vary the textual encoding of one IPv6 address (uppercase, compression, IPv4-mapped, hex-encoded IPv4-in-IPv6) and produce multiple distinct keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.17 and 1.5.0-beta.9.

Severity

7.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/securi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/pull/7470	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/pull/7509	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/commit…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/commit…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
better-auth	better-auth	Affected: < 1.4.17 Affected: >= 1.5.0-beta.1, < 1.5.0-beta.9

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

Common protection mechanisms include:
Disconnecting the user after a small number of failed attempts
Implementing a timeout
Locking out a targeted account
Requiring a computational task on the user's part.

Mitigation ID: MIT-4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator. [REF-45]

CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack

["An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.", "Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts."]

CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing

An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-565: Password Spraying

In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.

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