GHSA-9cv2-cfxc-v4v2 — Nokogiri: Null Pointer Dereference calling methods on uninitialized wrapper classes

Affected: RubyGems: nokogiri

### Summary

Nokogiri contains a bug when calling certain methods on allocated-but-uninitialized native wrapper classes that inherit from `Nokogiri::XML::Node`. This caused a NULL pointer dereference that could crash the process.

Nokogiri 1.19.4 checks for missing native data pointers and raises a `RuntimeError`.

JRuby is not affected.

### Severity

The Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as low severity. This is only triggered by a programming error. It requires application code to call `.allocate` directly on a native-backed class and then invoke methods on the resulting uninitialized object. It cannot be triggered by untrusted input or through normal use of the public API.

### Mitigation

Upgrade to Nokogiri 1.19.4 or later.

Avoid calling `.allocate` directly on Nokogiri native-backed classes. Use the documented constructors and factory methods instead.

### Credit

This issue was responsibly reported by Zheng Yu from depthfirst.com.

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GHSA-9cv2-cfxc-v4v2 — Nokogiri: Null Pointer Dereference calling methods on uninitialized wrapper classes