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  <updated>2026-10-01T20:43:54.563749+00:00</updated>
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  <entry>
    <id>https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-38721</id>
    <title>CVE-2025-38721 — netfilter: ctnetlink: fix refcount leak on table dump</title>
    <updated>2026-10-01T20:43:54.566756+00:00</updated>
    <content type="xhtml">
      <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><strong>Affected:</strong> Linux, Siemens SIMATIC CN 4100, Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP, Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP, Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP</p>
<p>In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:</p>
<p>netfilter: ctnetlink: fix refcount leak on table dump</p>
<p>There is a reference count leak in ctnetlink_dump_table():
      if (res &lt; 0) {
                nf_conntrack_get(&amp;ct-&gt;ct_general); // HERE
                cb-&gt;args[1] = (unsigned long)ct;
                ...</p>
<p>While its very unlikely, its possible that ct == last.
If this happens, then the refcount of ct was already incremented.
This 2nd increment is never undone.</p>
<p>This prevents the conntrack object from being released, which in turn
keeps prevents cnet-&gt;count from dropping back to 0.</p>
<p>This will then block the netns dismantle (or conntrack rmmod) as
nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list() will wait forever.</p>
<p>This can be reproduced by running conntrack_resize.sh selftest in a loop.
It takes ~20 minutes for me on a preemptible kernel on average before
I see a runaway kworker spinning in nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list.</p>
<p>One fix would to change this to:
        if (res &lt; 0) {
		if (ct != last)
	                nf_conntrack_get(&amp;ct-&gt;ct_general);</p>
<p>But this reference counting isn't needed in the first place.
We can just store a cookie value instead.</p>
<p>A followup patch will do the same for ctnetlink_exp_dump_table,
it looks to me as if this has the same problem and like
ctnetlink_dump_table, we only need a 'skip hint', not the actual
object so we can apply the same cookie strategy there as well.</p></div>
    </content>
    <link href="https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-38721"/>
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