Microsoft Terminal Server, when running an application session with the "Start program at logon" and "Override settings from user profile and Client Connection Manager wizard" options, allows local users to execute arbitrary code by forcing an Explor

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in OmniStar Article Manager allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) article_id parameter in (a) articles/comments.php and (b) articles/article.php, and the (2) page_id parameter in (

Integer underflow in the dccp_parse_options function (net/dccp/options.c) in the Linux kernel before 2.6.33.14 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) packet with an invalid feature optio

The setRequestHeader method of the XMLHttpRequest object in Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 does not restrict the dangerous Transfer-Encoding HTTP request header, which allows remote attackers to conduct HTTP request splitting and HTTP request smugglin

Buffer overflow in Computer Associates (CA) iGateway 3.0 and 4.0 before 4.0.050623, when running in debug mode, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via HTTP GET requests.

SQL injection vulnerability in scrape.php in BtiTracker 1.4.7 and earlier and xBtiTracker 2.0.542 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the info_hash parameter.

Unspecified vulnerability in HP Network Node Manager i (NNMi) 9.0x and 8.1x allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unknown vectors.

Heap-based buffer overflow in the CRpcIoManagerServer::BuildContext function in msdtcprx.dll for Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC) for Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 2000 SP2 and SP3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code v

Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC) for Windows NT 4.0, 2000 SP4, XP SP1 and SP2, and Server 2003 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a BuildContextW request with a large (1) UuidString or (2) GuidIn of

The Javascript API in Adobe Acrobat Professional 7.0.9 and possibly 8.1.1 exposes a dangerous method, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands or trigger a buffer overflow via a crafted PDF file that invokes app.checkForUpdate with

Buffer overflow in Nullsoft Winamp 5.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a playlist (pls) file with a long file name (File1 field).

WordPress before 1.5.2 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a direct request to (1) wp-includes/vars.php, (2) wp-content/plugins/hello.php, (3) wp-admin/upgrade-functions.php, (4) wp-admin/edit-form.php, (5) wp-settings.php, an

The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm is not collision resistant, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to conduct spoofing attacks, as demonstrated by attacks on the use of MD5 in the signature algorithm of an X.509 certificate. There are

TippingPoint IPS running the TippingPoint Operating System (TOS) before 2.2.4.6519 allows remote attackers to "force the device into layer 2 fallback (L2FB)", causing a denial of service (page fault), via a malformed packet.

Buffer overflow in Windows Explorer (explorer.exe) on Windows XP and 2003 allows user-assisted attackers to cause a denial of service (repeated crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a .url file with an InternetShortcut tag containing a long

The domecode function in inc/functions_post.php in MyBulletinBoard (MyBB) 1.1.2, and possibly other versions, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via the username field, which is used in a preg_replace function call with a /e (execu

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Tamber Forum 1.9.13 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) frm_id parameter to (a) show_forum.asp, (2) a search field to (b) forum_search.asp, (3) Email address or (4

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Infotech Storage System Library (itss.dll) allows user-assisted attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted CHM / ITS file that triggers the overflow while decompiling.

Cross-Application Scripting (XAS) vulnerability in ICQ Client 5.04 build 2321 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script from one application into another via a banner, which is processed in the My Computer zone using the Inte

SaphpLesson 3.0 does not initialize array variables, which allows remote attackers to obtain the full path via an non-array (1) hrow parameter to (a) show.php or (b) index.php; the (2) Lsnrow parameter to (c) showcat.php; or the (3) rows parameter to

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in includes/config.php in Jetbox CMS 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a URL in the relative_script_path parameter.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in search.php in CuteNews 1.4.1 and earlier, and possibly 1.4.5, allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) user, (2) story, or (3) title parameters.

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in SpiffyJr phpRaid 2.9.5 through 3.0.b3 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the phpbb_root_path parameter in (1) auth.php and (2) auth_phpbb when the phpBB portal is en

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in SaphpLesson 3.0 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via (1) the Find parameter in (a) search.php, and the (2) LID and (3) Rate parameters in (b) misc.php.

CuteNews 1.4.1 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a direct request to (1) /inc/show.inc.php or (2) /inc/functions.inc.php, which reveal the path in an error message.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in index.php in Edwin van Wijk phpWebFTP 2.3 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) port, (2) server, and (3) user parameters. NOTE: it is possible that the affec

Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in Christian Kindahl TUGZip 3.4.0.0, 3.3.0.0, and 3.1.0.2 allow user-assisted attackers to create files in arbitrary directories via a .. (dot dot) in an archive pack with a crafted (1) .gz, (2) .jar, (3)

Multiple Sophos Anti-Virus products, including Anti-Virus for Windows 5.x before 5.2.1 and 4.x before 4.05, when cabinet file inspection is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a CAB file with "invalid folder count values,"

Directory traversal vulnerability in zip.lib.php 0.1.1 in PEAR::Archive_Zip allows remote attackers to create and overwrite arbitrary files via certain crafted pathnames in a ZIP archive.

The Client Server Run-Time Subsystem (CSRSS) in Microsoft Windows allows local users to cause a denial of service (crash) or read arbitrary memory from csrss.exe via crafted arguments to the NtRaiseHardError function with status 0x50000018, a differe

Directory traversal vulnerability in SAP Internet Graphics Service (IGS) 6.40 Patchlevel 16 and earlier, and 7.00 Patchlevel 6 and earlier, allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary files via directory traversal sequences in an HTTP request. NOTE:

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Phpjobscheduler 3.0 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the installed_config_file parameter to (1) add-modify.php, (2) delete.php, (3) modify.php, and (4) phpjobsched

SQL injection vulnerability in default.asp in ASPintranet, possibly 1.2, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the a parameter.

SQL injection vulnerability in ls.php in SAMEDIA LandShop allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the infield parameter. NOTE: the start, search_order, search_type, and search_area parameters are already covered by CVE-2005-401

Hawking Technology wireless router WR254-CA uses a hardcoded IP address among the set of DNS server IP addresses, which could allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service or hijack the router by attacking or spoofing the server at the hardcode

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in add_comment.php in Wheatblog (wB) allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) Name, (2) WWW, and (3) Comment fields. NOTE: this issue may overlap CVE-2006-5195.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in ls.php in SAMEDIA LandShop allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) start, (2) CAT_ID, (3) keyword, (4) search_area, (5) search_type, (6) infield, or (7) search_o

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the incubator/tests/Zend/Http/_files/testRedirections.php sample code in Zend Framework Preview 0.2.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via arbitrary parameters.

index.php in Wheatblog (wB) allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via certain values of the postPtr[] and next parameters, which reveals the path in an error message.

Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in RapidKill (aka PHP Rapid Kill) 5.7 Pro, and certain other versions, allows remote attackers to upload and execute arbitrary PHP scripts via the "Link to Download" field. NOTE: it is possible that the field v

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in admin/e_data/visEdit_control.class.php in ActiveCampaign KnowledgeBuilder 2.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the visEdit_root parameter, a different vector than CVE-2003-1

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in AROUNDMe 0.6.9, and possibly earlier, when register_globals is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the templatePath parameter in template/barnraiser_01/pol_v

IBM Informix Dynamic Server 10.UC3RC1 Trial for Linux and possibly other versions creates /tmp/installserver.txt with insecure permissions, which allows local users to append data to arbitrary files via a symlink attack.

Bluview Blue Magic Board (BMB) (aka BMForum) 5.5 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a direct request to (1) footer.php, (2) header.php, (3) db_mysql_error.php, (4) langlist.php, (5) sendmail.php, or (6) style.php, which revea

Heap-based buffer overflow in SAP Internet Graphics Service (IGS) 6.40 and earlier, and 7.00 and earlier, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execute arbitrary code via an HTTP request with an ADM:GETLOGFILE command and a

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in core/editor.php in phpWebThings 1.5.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the editor_insert_top parameter. NOTE: the editor_insert_bottom vector is already covered by CVE-2006

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in ACP3 4.0 beta 3 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via (1) the form[mail] parameter to contact/contact/index.php; the (2) form[mods][] or (3) form[search_term] paramete

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in ACP3 4.0 beta 3 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via (1) the mode parameter to feeds.php, the (2) form[cat] parameter to (a) news/list/index.php or (b) certain news/details/id_*/action

Unspecified vulnerability in search/list/action_search/index.php in ACP3 4.0 beta 3 allows remote attackers to have unknown impact, relating to "Cookie Manipulation", via the form[search_term] parameter.

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Sitebar 3.3.5 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) writerFile parameter to index.php and the (2) file parameter to Integrator.php.

SQL injection vulnerability in includes/start.php in Flexbb 1.0.0 10005 Beta Release 1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the flexbb_lang_id COOKIE parameter to index.php.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Bitweaver 1.3.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the URL (PATH_INFO) to (1) articles/edit.php, (2) articles/list.php, (3) blogs/list_blogs.php, or (4) blogs/ranki

Iono allows remote attackers to obtain the full server path via certain requests to (1) templates/iono/admin/denied.tpl.php, (2) templates/iono/admin/index.tpl.php, and (a) other unspecified files in templates/.

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 SP2 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via certain malformed HTML, possibly involving applet and base tags without required arguments, which triggers a null pointer dereference in ms

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in SmarterTools SmarterMail Enterprise 4.3 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a STYLE attribute of an element in the Subject field of an e-mail message.

Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in modcp.php in Woltlab Burning Board (wBB) 2.3.6 PL2 allows remote attackers to delete threads as moderators or administrators via a thread_del action.

Buffer overflow in Zoom Player 6.00 beta 2 and earlier allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an HTTP link to a PLS file in a crafted ZPL file, which causes an overflow in Unicode handling when generating an error message

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in mes_add.php in x-script GuestBook 1.3a, when magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) name, (2) email, (3) icq, and (4) website parameters.

Blizzard Entertainment StarCraft Brood War 1.15.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a malformed map, which triggers an out-of-bounds read during a minimap preview.

Directory traversal vulnerability in the BlueCat Networks Proteus IPAM appliance 2.0.2.0 (Adonis DNS/DHCP appliance 5.0.2.8) allows remote authenticated administrators, with certain TFTP privileges, to create and overwrite arbitrary files via a .. (d

Dvbbs 7.1.0 SP1 stores sensitive information under the web root with insufficient access control, which allows remote attackers to download a database via a direct request for Data/Dvbbs7.mdb.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Oliver Library Management System allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) updateform and (2) displayform parameter to (a) gateway/gateway.exe; the (3) TERMS, (4)

Multiple CRLF injection vulnerabilities in callboth.php in AsteriDex 3.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary shell commands via the (1) IN and (2) OUT parameters.

WordPress before 2.2.2 allows remote attackers to redirect visitors to other websites and potentially obtain sensitive information via (1) the _wp_http_referer parameter to wp-pass.php, related to the wp_get_referer function in wp-includes/functions.

Directory traversal vulnerability in login.php in Maia Mailguard 1.0.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the lang parameter. Successful exploitation requires that "magic_quotes_gpc" is disabled.

Session fixation vulnerability in Zen Cart 1.3.7 and earlier allows remote attackers to hijack web sessions by setting the Cookie parameter.

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in akocomment allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) acparentid or (2) acitemid parameter to an unspecified component, different vectors than CVE-2006-1421.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in ADM:GETLOGFILE in SAP Internet Graphics Service (IGS) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the PARAMS parameter.

Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in waHTTP.exe (aka the SAP DB Web Server) in SAP DB, possibly 7.3 through 7.5, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via (1) a certain cookie value; (2) a certain additional parameter, related to sapdb

SQL injection vulnerability in reply.php in VBZooM 1.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the UserID parameter to sub-join.php. NOTE: this may be the same as CVE-2006-3691.4.

SQL injection vulnerability in includes/functions in FreeDomain.co.nr Clone allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the logindomain parameter to members.php.

Microsoft Office Groove 2007 SP2, SharePoint Workspace 2010 Gold and SP1, Office Forms Server 2007 SP2, Office SharePoint Server 2007 SP2, Office SharePoint Server 2010 Gold and SP1, Office Groove Data Bridge Server 2007 SP2, Office Groove Management

Unspecified vulnerability in Microsoft Excel 2000, 2002, and 2003, in Microsoft Office 2000 SP3 and other packages, allows user-assisted attackers to execute arbitrary code via an Excel file with a malformed description, which leads to memory corrupt

Textpattern (aka Txp CMS) 4.0.5 does not ask for the old password during a password reset, which makes it easier for remote attackers to change a password after hijacking a session.

Microsoft Windows Live Messenger Client 8.5.1 and earlier, when MSN Protocol Version 15 (MSNP15) is used over a NAT session, allows remote attackers to discover intranet IP addresses and port numbers by reading the (1) IPv4InternalAddrsAndPorts, (2)

index.php in the comments preview section in Textpattern (aka Txp CMS) 4.0.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a long message parameter.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Textpattern (aka Txp CMS) 4.0.5 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via (1) the PATH_INFO to setup/index.php or (2) the name parameter to index.php in the comments previ

SQL injection vulnerability in the 4ndvddb 0.91 module for PHP-Nuke allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter in a show_dvd action.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in pages/news.page.inc in Project Alumni 1.0.9 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the year parameter in a news action to index.php, a different vector than CVE-2007-6126.

Stack-based buffer overflow in Novell Client 4.91 SP4 and earlier allows local users to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a long username in the "forgotten password" dialog.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in editor.php in ScriptsEZ.net Power Editor 2.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) te and (2) dir parameters in a tempedit action.

The WHM interface 11.15.0 for cPanel 11.18 before 11.18.4 and 11.22 before 11.22.3 allows remote attackers to bypass XSS protection and inject arbitrary script or HTML via repeated, improperly-ordered "<" and ">" characters in the (1) issue parameter

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in VisualShapers ezContents 2.0.0 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) contentname parameter to showdetails.php and the (2) article parameter to printer.php.

Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the WHM interface 11.15.0 for cPanel 11.18 before 11.18.4 and 11.22 before 11.22.3 allow remote attackers to perform unauthorized actions as cPanel administrators via requests to cpanel/wh

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in mvnForum 1.1 GA allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the topic field, which is later displayed by user/viewthread.jsp through use of the "quick reply button."

SQL injection vulnerability in info.php in Project Alumni 1.0.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in ZyXEL ZyWALL 100 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the Referer header, which is not properly handled in a 404 Error page.

Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in qtofm.php in QTOFileManager 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with an executable extension, then accessing it via a direct request.

Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in editor.php in ScriptsEZ.net Power Editor 2.0 allow remote attackers to read arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the (1) te and (2) dir parameters in a tempedit action.

Oracle Application Server (OracleAS) Portal 10g allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and read the contents of /dav_portal/portal/ by sending a request containing a trailing "%0A" (encoded line feed), then using the session I

Stack-based buffer overflow in the Network Manager in Castle Rock Computing SNMPc 7.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execute arbitrary code via a long community string in an SNMP TRAP packet.

SQL injection vulnerability in profile.php in iScripts CyberMatch 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter.

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Aigaion Web based bibliography management system 1.2.1 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the DIR parameter to (1) _basicfunctions.php, or (2) pageaction

Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in JMweb MP3 Music Audio Search and Download Script allow remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the src parameter to (1) listen.php and (2) download.php.

SQL injection vulnerability in index.php in Constructr CMS 3.02.5 and earlier, when register_globals is enabled and magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the show_page parameter.

SQL injection vulnerability in eDNews_view.php in eDreamers eDNews 2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the newsid parameter.

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in Admin/ADM_Pagina.php in OTManager 2.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the Tipo parameter.

SQL injection vulnerability in detaillist.php in iScripts EasyIndex, possibly 1.0, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the produid parameter.

SQL injection vulnerability in index.php in My PHP Baseball Stats (MyPBS) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the seasonID parameter.

Unspecified vulnerability in the kernel in HP HP-UX B.11.31 allows local users to cause a denial of service via unknown vectors.

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in iGaming 1.5 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the browse parameter to (1) previews.php and (2) reviews.php, and the (3) id parameter to index.php in a viewarticle action

PHP iCalendar 2.24 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by setting the phpicalendar and phpicalendar_login cookies to 1.

Directory traversal vulnerability in index.php in eDreamers eDContainer 2.22, when magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the lg parameter. NOTE: some of these details

Directory traversal vulnerability in eDNews_archive.php in eDreamers eDNews 2, when magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the lg parameter. NOTE: some of these detail

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in index.php in Web Scribble Solutions webClassifieds 2005 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) user and (2) password fields in a sign_in action.

Directory traversal vulnerability in backend/template.php in Constructr CMS 3.02.5 and earlier, when register_globals is enabled and magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allows remote attackers to create or read arbitrary files via directory traversal seque

SQL injection vulnerability in Joovili 3.0 and earlier, when magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter to (1) view.blog.php, (2) view.event.php, (3) view.group.php, (4) view.music.php

admin/auth.php in Gobbl CMS 1.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the auth cookie to "ok".

Constructr CMS 3.02.5 and earlier stores passwords in cleartext in a MySQL database, which allows context-dependent attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading the hash column.

Directory traversal vulnerability in index.php in Ricardo Amaral nzFotolog 0.4.1 allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via directory traversal sequences in the action_file parameter.

Absolute path traversal vulnerability in Alt-N Technologies WebAdmin 2.0.0 through 2.0.2 allows remote attackers with administrator privileges to (1) determine the installation path by reading the contents of the Name parameter in a link, and (2) rea

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the login_user function in yans.func.php in Lucas Rodriguez San Pedro Yet Another News System (YANS) 0.2b allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) username or (2) password paramete

SQL injection vulnerability in admin_default.asp in OzzyWork Galeri allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) Login or (2) password fields.

SQL injection vulnerability in admin_default.asp in DUGallery 2.x allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) Login or (2) password field.

Belkin F5D7232-4 and F5D7230-4 wireless routers with firmware 4.03.03 and 4.05.03, when a legitimate administrator is logged into the web management interface, allow remote attackers to access the management interface without authentication.

SQL injection vulnerability in ECO.asp in GateSoft DocuSafe 4.1.0 and 4.1.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the ECO_ID parameter. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.